Grammar:
As adverb – Function of THE INFINITIVE
1)for purpose
He worked hard in order to win the prize.
The man in black stopped to light a cigarette, pondered for a second, then turned around and began to trot in the opposite direction.
The chemistry teacher took great pains to illustrate the meaning of the complicated formula by using a diagram and laboratory apparatus.
2)for result
For example: To find…,to learn…, to discover…,to see…, to be…(live to be…years old)
Longevity runs in my family; my great grandfather lived to be 102, my grandfather is still active for a man approaching 90, and I have never fallen ill.
The traveler dozed off on a bench in the tranquil square. After a while, he woke up to find that his luggage had vanished without a trace.
The locally organized rescue party set off at dawn in search of the missing hikers, only to come back empty-handed at dusk.
He departed from Russia, never to return.
3)for reason
“Sorry to interrupt, but we’re now discussing what it takes to curb tax evasin. Please confine your statements to the subject in question.”
Chris was awfully upset to learn that his wife had passed away, yet he was courageous enough not to exhibit his grief in our presence.
I keep in touch with a distant relative who runs a pawnshop. He said he was very fortunate to acquire a valuable china ornament for next to nothing.
Who do you think you are, to talk to me in that manner.
4)for degree
I’m too busy to take care of them.
I’m not so stupid as to believe that.
He was courageous enough not to exhibit his grief.
I don’t have enough money to buy the house.
5)for explain detail
S is slow(ready, willing, reluctant, sure, certain, bound, likely, liable, apt, anxious, eager) to V
He is slow to make up his mind.
Little by little , the housewife grew weary of doing monotonous household chores and was eager to seek something more stimulating.
“He is easy to offend and impossible to please. He is rather difficult to get along with, to say the least.” “A good boss is hard to come by.”(三个to + V都没有宾语,其实并不是没有,而是被省略了(是主语),后面不再重复
He is easy to forget.= To forget him is easy)
Phrasal verb and words:
Puffing and panting
Be out of breath
What’s keeping you?
Monotonous
Come by
Leave a lot to be desired
(and) what’s more
Day in, day out
Among other things 格外的,在众多事物中
Make out
Hold/bear a grudge against 对…怀恨
Oral:
Water is being rationed.
It is difficult to motivate the average student.
They are not very able. Their ability is limited
Knowledge in depth = deep knowledge
Our knowledge is very shallow.
His knowledge is derived from practiced experience.(book knowledge)
You get on the job training.
Theory and practice
Theoretical knowledge
Practical
Principles: study from book
Principal: a person: rector, warden
We should stand by our principles.(stick to)
To show your modesty.
You dress modestly.
They dress provocatively.
My value are very conservative.
Sexually provocative.
They are not energy efficient.