How to format datetime & date in Sql Server 2005

June 11, 2009 — Anubhav Goyal

Execute the following Microsoft SQL Server T-SQL datetime and date formatting scripts in Management Studio Query Editor to demonstrate the multitude of temporal data formats available in SQL Server.

First we start with the conversion options available for sql datetime formats with century (YYYY or CCYY format). Subtracting 100 from the Style (format) number will transform dates without century (YY). For example Style 103 is with century, Style 3 is without century. The default Style values – Style 0 or 100, 9 or 109, 13 or 113, 20 or 120, and 21 or 121 – always return the century (yyyy) format.

– Microsoft SQL Server T-SQL date and datetime formats

– Date time formats – mssql datetime

– MSSQL getdate returns current system date and time in standard internal format

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 100) – mon dd yyyy hh:mmAM (or PM)

– Oct 2 2008 11:01AM

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 101) – mm/dd/yyyy – 10/02/2008

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 102) – yyyy.mm.dd – 2008.10.02

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 103) – dd/mm/yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 104) – dd.mm.yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 105) – dd-mm-yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 106) – dd mon yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 107) – mon dd, yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 108) – hh:mm:ss

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 109) – mon dd yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmmAM (or PM)

– Oct 2 2008 11:02:44:013AM

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 110) – mm-dd-yyyy

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 111) – yyyy/mm/dd

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 112) – yyyymmdd

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 113) – dd mon yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmm

– 02 Oct 2008 11:02:07:577

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 114) – hh:mm:ss:mmm(24h)

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 120) – yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss(24h)

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 121) – yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.mmm

SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 126) – yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.mmm

– 2008-10-02T10:52:47.513

– SQL create different date styles with t-sql string functions

SELECT replace(convert(varchar, getdate(), 111), ‘/’, ‘ ‘) – yyyy mm dd

SELECT convert(varchar(7), getdate(), 126) – yyyy-mm

SELECT right(convert(varchar, getdate(), 106), 8) – mon yyyy

————

– SQL Server date formatting function – convert datetime to string

————

– SQL datetime functions

– SQL Server date formats

– T-SQL convert dates

– Formatting dates sql server

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnFormatDate(@Datetime DATETIME, @FormatMask VARCHAR(32))

RETURNS VARCHAR(32)

BEGIN

DECLARE @StringDate VARCHAR(32)

SET @StringDate = @FormatMask

IF (CHARINDEX (‘YYYY’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘YYYY’,

DATENAME(YY, @Datetime))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘YY’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘YY’,

RIGHT(DATENAME(YY, @Datetime),2))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘Month’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘Month’,

DATENAME(MM, @Datetime))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘MON’,@StringDate COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS)>0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘MON’,

LEFT(UPPER(DATENAME(MM, @Datetime)),3))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘Mon’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘Mon’,

LEFT(DATENAME(MM, @Datetime),3))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘MM’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘MM’,

RIGHT(’0′+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(MM, @Datetime)),2))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘M’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘M’,

CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(MM, @Datetime)))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘DD’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘DD’,

RIGHT(’0′+DATENAME(DD, @Datetime),2))

IF (CHARINDEX (‘D’,@StringDate) > 0)

SET @StringDate = REPLACE(@StringDate, ‘D’,

DATENAME(DD, @Datetime))

RETURN @StringDate

END

– Microsoft SQL Server date format function test

– MSSQL formatting dates

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘MM/DD/YYYY’) – 01/03/2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘DD/MM/YYYY’) – 03/01/2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘M/DD/YYYY’) – 1/03/2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘M/D/YYYY’) – 1/3/2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘M/D/YY’) – 1/3/12

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘MM/DD/YY’) – 01/03/12

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘MON DD, YYYY’) – JAN 03, 2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘Mon DD, YYYY’) – Jan 03, 2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘Month DD, YYYY’) – January 03, 2012

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘YYYY/MM/DD’) – 2012/01/03

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘YYYYMMDD’) – 20120103

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (getdate(), ‘YYYY-MM-DD’) – 2012-01-03

– CURRENT_TIMESTAMP returns current system date and time in standard internal format

SELECT dbo.fnFormatDate (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,‘YY.MM.DD’) – 12.01.03

————

/***** SELECTED SQL DATE/DATETIME FORMATS WITH NAMES *****/

– SQL format datetime

– Default format: Oct 23 2006 10:40AM

SELECT [Default]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),100)

– US-Style format: 10/23/2006

SELECT [US-Style]=CONVERT(char,GETDATE(),101)

– ANSI format: 2006.10.23

SELECT [ANSI]=CONVERT(char,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,102)

– UK-Style format: 23/10/2006

SELECT [UK-Style]=CONVERT(char,GETDATE(),103)

– German format: 23.10.2006

SELECT [German]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),104)

– ISO format: 20061023

SELECT ISO=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),112)

– ISO8601 format: 2008-10-23T19:20:16.003

SELECT [ISO8601]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),126)

————

– SQL Server datetime formats

– Century date format MM/DD/YYYY usage in a query

– Format dates SQL Server 2005

SELECT TOP (1)

SalesOrderID,

OrderDate = CONVERT(char(10), OrderDate, 101),

OrderDateTime = OrderDate

FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader

/* Result

SalesOrderID OrderDate OrderDateTime

43697 07/01/2001 2001-07-01 00:00:00.000

– SQL update datetime column

– SQL datetime DATEADD

UPDATE Production.Product

SET ModifiedDate=DATEADD(dd,1, ModifiedDate)

WHERE ProductID = 1001

– MM/DD/YY date format

– Datetime format sql

SELECT TOP (1)

SalesOrderID,

OrderDate = CONVERT(varchar(8), OrderDate, 1),

OrderDateTime = OrderDate

FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader

ORDER BY SalesOrderID desc

/* Result

SalesOrderID OrderDate OrderDateTime

75123 07/31/04 2004-07-31 00:00:00.000

– Combining different style formats for date & time

– Datetime formats

– Datetime formats sql

DECLARE @Date DATETIME

SET @Date = ’2015-12-22 03:51 PM’

SELECT CONVERT(CHAR(10),@Date,110) + SUBSTRING(CONVERT(varchar,@Date,0),12,8)

– Result: 12-22-2015 3:51PM

– Microsoft SQL Server cast datetime to string

SELECT stringDateTime=CAST (getdate() as varchar)

– Result: Dec 29 2012 3:47AM

————

– SQL Server date and time functions overview

————

– SQL Server CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function

– SQL Server datetime functions

– local NYC – EST – Eastern Standard Time zone

– SQL DATEADD function – SQL DATEDIFF function

SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP – 2012-01-05 07:02:10.577

– SQL Server DATEADD function

SELECT DATEADD(month,2,’2012-12-09′) – 2013-02-09 00:00:00.000

– SQL Server DATEDIFF function

SELECT DATEDIFF(day,’2012-12-09′,’2013-02-09′) – 62

– SQL Server DATENAME function

SELECT DATENAME(month, ’2012-12-09′) – December

SELECT DATENAME(weekday, ’2012-12-09′) – Sunday

– SQL Server DATEPART function

SELECT DATEPART(month, ’2012-12-09′) – 12

– SQL Server DAY function

SELECT DAY(’2012-12-09′) – 9

– SQL Server GETDATE function

– local NYC – EST – Eastern Standard Time zone

SELECT GETDATE() – 2012-01-05 07:02:10.577

– SQL Server GETUTCDATE function

– London – Greenwich Mean Time

SELECT GETUTCDATE() – 2012-01-05 12:02:10.577

– SQL Server MONTH function

SELECT MONTH(’2012-12-09′) – 12

– SQL Server YEAR function

SELECT YEAR(’2012-12-09′) – 2012

————

– T-SQL Date and time function application

– CURRENT_TIMESTAMP and getdate() are the same in T-SQL

————

– SQL first day of the month

– SQL first date of the month

– SQL first day of current month – 2012-01-01 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(dd,0,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0))

– SQL last day of the month

– SQL last date of the month

– SQL last day of current month – 2012-01-31 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)+1,0))

– SQL first day of last month

– SQL first day of previous month – 2011-12-01 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(mm,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0))

– SQL last day of last month

– SQL last day of previous month – 2011-12-31 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(MM,-1,GETDATE()))+1,0))

– SQL first day of next month – 2012-02-01 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(mm,1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0))

– SQL last day of next month – 2012-02-28 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(MM,1,GETDATE()))+1,0))

– SQL first day of a month – 2012-10-01 00:00:00.000

DECLARE @Date datetime; SET @Date = ’2012-10-23′

SELECT DATEADD(dd,0,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,@Date),0))

– SQL last day of a month – 2012-03-31 00:00:00.000

DECLARE @Date datetime; SET @Date = ’2012-03-15′

SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,@Date)+1,0))

– SQL first day of year

– SQL first day of the year – 2012-01-01 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(yy, DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0)

– SQL last day of year

– SQL last day of the year – 2012-12-31 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(yy,1, DATEADD(dd, -1, DATEADD(yy,

DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0)))

– SQL last day of last year

– SQL last day of previous year – 2011-12-31 00:00:00.000

SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0))

– SQL calculate age in years, months, days

– SQL table-valued function

– SQL user-defined function – UDF

– SQL Server age calculation – date difference

– Format dates SQL Server 2008

USE AdventureWorks2008;

CREATE FUNCTION fnAge (@BirthDate DATETIME)

RETURNS @Age TABLE(Years INT,

Months INT,

Days INT)

BEGIN

DECLARE @EndDate DATETIME, @Anniversary DATETIME

SET @EndDate = Getdate()

SET @Anniversary = Dateadd(yy,Datediff(yy,@BirthDate,@EndDate),@BirthDate)

INSERT @Age

SELECT Datediff(yy,@BirthDate,@EndDate) – (CASE

WHEN @Anniversary > @EndDate THEN 1

ELSE 0

END), 0, 0

UPDATE @Age SET Months = Month(@EndDate – @Anniversary) – 1

UPDATE @Age SET Days = Day(@EndDate – @Anniversary) – 1

RETURN

END

– Test table-valued UDF

SELECT * FROM fnAge(’1956-10-23′)

SELECT * FROM dbo.fnAge(’1956-10-23′)

/* Results

Years Months Days

52 4 1

———-

– SQL date range between

———-

– SQL between dates

USE AdventureWorks;

– SQL between

SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader

WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN ’20040301′ AND ’20040315′

– Result: 108

– BETWEEN operator is equivalent to >=…AND….<=

SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader

WHERE OrderDate

BETWEEN ’2004-03-01 00:00:00.000′ AND ’2004-03-15 00:00:00.000′

Orders with OrderDates

’2004-03-15 00:00:01.000′ – 1 second after midnight (12:00AM)

’2004-03-15 00:01:00.000′ – 1 minute after midnight

’2004-03-15 01:00:00.000′ – 1 hour after midnight

are not included in the two queries above.

– To include the entire day of 2004-03-15 use the following two solutions

SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader

WHERE OrderDate >= ’20040301′ AND OrderDate < ’20040316′

– SQL between with DATE type (SQL Server 2008)

SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader

WHERE CONVERT(DATE, OrderDate) BETWEEN ’20040301′ AND ’20040315′

———-

– Non-standard format conversion: 2011 December 14

– SQL datetime to string

SELECT [YYYY Month DD] =

CAST(YEAR(GETDATE()) AS VARCHAR(4))+ ‘ ‘+

DATENAME(MM, GETDATE()) + ‘ ‘ +

CAST(DAY(GETDATE()) AS VARCHAR(2))

– Converting datetime to YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format: 20121214172638

SELECT replace(convert(varchar, getdate(),111),‘/’,”) +

replace(convert(varchar, getdate(),108),‘:’,”)

– Datetime custom format conversion to YYYY_MM_DD

select CurrentDate=rtrim(year(getdate())) + ‘_’ +

right(’0′ + rtrim(month(getdate())),2) + ‘_’ +

right(’0′ + rtrim(day(getdate())),2)

– Converting seconds to HH:MM:SS format

declare @Seconds int

set @Seconds = 10000

select TimeSpan=right(’0′ +rtrim(@Seconds / 3600),2) + ‘:’ +

right(’0′ + rtrim((@Seconds % 3600) / 60),2) + ‘:’ +

right(’0′ + rtrim(@Seconds % 60),2)

– Result: 02:46:40

– Test result

select 2*3600 + 46*60 + 40

– Result: 10000

– Set the time portion of a datetime value to 00:00:00.000

– SQL strip time from date

– SQL strip time from datetime

SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ,DATEADD(dd, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0)

– Results: 2014-01-23 05:35:52.793 2014-01-23 00:00:00.000

/*******

VALID DATE RANGES FOR DATE/DATETIME DATA TYPES

SMALLDATETIME date range:

January 1, 1900 through June 6, 2079

DATETIME date range:

January 1, 1753 through December 31, 9999

DATETIME2 date range (SQL Server 2008):

January 1,1 AD through December 31, 9999 AD

DATE date range (SQL Server 2008):

January 1, 1 AD through December 31, 9999 AD

*******/

– Selecting with CONVERT into different styles

– Note: Only Japan & ISO styles can be used in ORDER BY

SELECT TOP(1)

Italy = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 105)

, USA = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 110)

, Japan = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 111)

, ISO = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 112)

FROM AdventureWorks.Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader

ORDER BY PurchaseOrderID DESC

/* Results

Italy USA Japan ISO

25-07-2004 07-25-2004 2004/07/25 20040725

– SQL Server convert date to integer

DECLARE @Datetime datetime

SET @Datetime = ’2012-10-23 10:21:05.345′

SELECT DateAsInteger = CAST (CONVERT(varchar,@Datetime,112) as INT)

– Result: 20121023

– SQL Server convert integer to datetime

DECLARE @intDate int

SET @intDate = 20120315

SELECT IntegerToDatetime = CAST(CAST(@intDate as varchar) as datetime)

– Result: 2012-03-15 00:00:00.000

————

– SQL Server CONVERT script applying table INSERT/UPDATE

————

– SQL Server convert date

– Datetime column is converted into date only string column

USE tempdb;

CREATE TABLE sqlConvertDateTime (

DatetimeCol datetime,

DateCol char(8));

INSERT sqlConvertDateTime (DatetimeCol) SELECT GETDATE()

UPDATE sqlConvertDateTime

SET DateCol = CONVERT(char(10), DatetimeCol, 112)

SELECT * FROM sqlConvertDateTime

– SQL Server convert datetime

– The string date column is converted into datetime column

UPDATE sqlConvertDateTime

SET DatetimeCol = CONVERT(Datetime, DateCol, 112)

SELECT * FROM sqlConvertDateTime

– Adding a day to the converted datetime column with DATEADD

UPDATE sqlConvertDateTime

SET DatetimeCol = DATEADD(day, 1, CONVERT(Datetime, DateCol, 112))

SELECT * FROM sqlConvertDateTime

– Equivalent formulation

– SQL Server cast datetime

UPDATE sqlConvertDateTime

SET DatetimeCol = DATEADD(dd, 1, CAST(DateCol AS datetime))

SELECT * FROM sqlConvertDateTime

DROP TABLE sqlConvertDateTime

/* First results

DatetimeCol DateCol

2014-12-25 16:04:15.373 20141225 */

/* Second results:

DatetimeCol DateCol

2014-12-25 00:00:00.000 20141225 */

/* Third results:

DatetimeCol DateCol

2014-12-26 00:00:00.000 20141225 */

————

– SQL month sequence – SQL date sequence generation with table variable

– SQL Server cast string to datetime – SQL Server cast datetime to string

– SQL Server insert default values method

DECLARE @Sequence table (Sequence int identity(1,1))

DECLARE @i int; SET @i = 0

DECLARE @StartDate datetime;

SET @StartDate = CAST(CONVERT(varchar, year(getdate()))+

RIGHT(’0′+convert(varchar,month(getdate())),2) + ’01′ AS DATETIME)

WHILE ( @i < 120)

BEGIN

INSERT @Sequence DEFAULT VALUES

SET @i = @i + 1

END

SELECT MonthSequence = CAST(DATEADD(month, Sequence,@StartDate) AS varchar)

FROM @Sequence

/* Partial results:

MonthSequence

Jan 1 2012 12:00AM

Feb 1 2012 12:00AM

Mar 1 2012 12:00AM

Apr 1 2012 12:00AM

————

– SQL Server Server datetime internal storage

– SQL Server datetime formats

————

– SQL Server datetime to hex

SELECT Now=CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, HexNow=CAST(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AS BINARY(8))

/* Results

Now HexNow

2009-01-02 17:35:59.297 0x00009B850122092D

– SQL Server date part – left 4 bytes – Days since 1900-01-01

SELECT Now=DATEADD(DAY, CONVERT(INT, 0x00009B85), ’19000101′)

– Result: 2009-01-02 00:00:00.000

– SQL time part – right 4 bytes – milliseconds since midnight

– 1000/300 is an adjustment factor

– SQL dateadd to Midnight

SELECT Now=DATEADD(MS, (1000.0/300)* CONVERT(BIGINT, 0x0122092D), ’2009-01-02′)

– Result: 2009-01-02 17:35:59.290

————

– String date and datetime date&time columns usage

– SQL Server datetime formats in tables

————

USE tempdb;

SET NOCOUNT ON;

– SQL Server select into table create

SELECT TOP (5)

FullName=convert(nvarchar(50),FirstName+‘ ‘+LastName),

BirthDate = CONVERT(char(8), BirthDate,112),

ModifiedDate = getdate()

INTO Employee

FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee e

INNER JOIN AdventureWorks.Person.Contact c

ON c.ContactID = e.ContactID

ORDER BY EmployeeID

– SQL Server alter table

ALTER TABLE Employee ALTER COLUMN FullName nvarchar(50) NOT NULL

ALTER TABLE Employee

ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Employee] PRIMARY KEY (FullName )

/* Results

Table definition for the Employee table

Note: BirthDate is string date (only)

CREATE TABLE dbo.Employee(

FullName nvarchar(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

BirthDate char(8) NULL,

ModifiedDate datetime NOT NULL

)

SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY FullName

/* Results

FullName BirthDate ModifiedDate

Guy Gilbert 19720515 2009-01-03 10:10:19.217

Kevin Brown 19770603 2009-01-03 10:10:19.217

Rob Walters 19650123 2009-01-03 10:10:19.217

Roberto Tamburello 19641213 2009-01-03 10:10:19.217

Thierry D’Hers 19490829 2009-01-03 10:10:19.217

– SQL Server age

SELECT FullName, Age = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, GETDATE()),

RowMaintenanceDate = CAST (ModifiedDate AS varchar)

FROM Employee ORDER BY FullName

/* Results

FullName Age RowMaintenanceDate

Guy Gilbert 37 Jan 3 2009 10:10AM

Kevin Brown 32 Jan 3 2009 10:10AM

Rob Walters 44 Jan 3 2009 10:10AM

Roberto Tamburello 45 Jan 3 2009 10:10AM

Thierry D’Hers 60 Jan 3 2009 10:10AM

– SQL Server age of Rob Walters on specific dates

– SQL Server string to datetime implicit conversion with DATEADD

SELECT AGE50DATE = DATEADD(YY, 50, ’19650123′)

– Result: 2015-01-23 00:00:00.000

– SQL Server datetime to string, Italian format for ModifiedDate

– SQL Server string to datetime implicit conversion with DATEDIFF

SELECT FullName,

AgeDEC31 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ’20141231′),

AgeJAN01 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ’20150101′),

AgeJAN23 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ’20150123′),

AgeJAN24 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ’20150124′),

ModDate = CONVERT(varchar, ModifiedDate, 105)

FROM Employee

WHERE FullName = ‘Rob Walters’

ORDER BY FullName

/* Results

Important Note: age increments on Jan 1 (not as commonly calculated)

FullName AgeDEC31 AgeJAN01 AgeJAN23 AgeJAN24 ModDate

Rob Walters 49 50 50 50 03-01-2009

————

– SQL combine integer date & time into datetime

————

– Datetime format sql

– SQL stuff

DECLARE @DateTimeAsINT TABLE ( ID int identity(1,1) primary key,

DateAsINT int,

TimeAsINT int

)

– NOTE: leading zeroes in time is for readability only!

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 235959)

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 010204)

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 002350)

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 000244)

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 000050)

INSERT @DateTimeAsINT (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES (20121023, 000006)

SELECT DateAsINT, TimeAsINT,

CONVERT(datetime, CONVERT(varchar(8), DateAsINT) + ‘ ‘+

STUFF(STUFF ( RIGHT(REPLICATE(’0′, 6) + CONVERT(varchar(6), TimeAsINT), 6),

3, 0, ‘:’), 6, 0, ‘:’)) AS DateTimeValue

FROM @DateTimeAsINT

ORDER BY ID

/* Results

DateAsINT TimeAsINT DateTimeValue

20121023 235959 2012-10-23 23:59:59.000

20121023 10204 2012-10-23 01:02:04.000

20121023 2350 2012-10-23 00:23:50.000

20121023 244 2012-10-23 00:02:44.000

20121023 50 2012-10-23 00:00:50.000

20121023 6 2012-10-23 00:00:06.000

————

– SQL Server string to datetime, implicit conversion with assignment

UPDATE Employee SET ModifiedDate = ’20150123′

WHERE FullName = ‘Rob Walters’

SELECT ModifiedDate FROM Employee WHERE FullName = ‘Rob Walters’

– Result: 2015-01-23 00:00:00.000

/* SQL string date, assemble string date from datetime parts */

– SQL Server cast string to datetime – sql convert string date

– SQL Server number to varchar conversion

– SQL Server leading zeroes for month and day

– SQL Server right string function

UPDATE Employee SET BirthDate =

CONVERT(char(4),YEAR(CAST(’1965-01-23′ as DATETIME)))+

RIGHT(’0′+CONVERT(varchar,MONTH(CAST(’1965-01-23′ as DATETIME))),2)+

RIGHT(’0′+CONVERT(varchar,DAY(CAST(’1965-01-23′ as DATETIME))),2)

WHERE FullName = ‘Rob Walters’

SELECT BirthDate FROM Employee WHERE FullName = ‘Rob Walters’

– Result: 19650123

– Perform cleanup action

DROP TABLE Employee

– SQL nocount

SET NOCOUNT OFF;

————

– sql isdate function

————

USE tempdb;

– sql newid – random sort

SELECT top(3) SalesOrderID,

stringOrderDate = CAST (OrderDate AS varchar)

INTO DateValidation

FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader

ORDER BY NEWID()

SELECT * FROM DateValidation

/* Results

SalesOrderID stringOrderDate

56720 Oct 26 2003 12:00AM

73737 Jun 25 2004 12:00AM

70573 May 14 2004 12:00AM

– SQL update with top

UPDATE TOP(1) DateValidation

SET stringOrderDate = ‘Apb 29 2004 12:00AM’

– SQL string to datetime fails without validation

SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CAST (stringOrderDate as datetime)

FROM DateValidation

/* Msg 242, Level 16, State 3, Line 1

The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an

out-of-range value.

– sql isdate – filter for valid dates

SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CAST (stringOrderDate as datetime)

FROM DateValidation

WHERE ISDATE(stringOrderDate) = 1

/* Results

SalesOrderID OrderDate

73737 2004-06-25 00:00:00.000

70573 2004-05-14 00:00:00.000

– SQL drop table

DROP TABLE DateValidation

————

– SELECT between two specified dates – assumption TIME part is 00:00:00.000

————

– SQL datetime between

– SQL select between two dates

SELECT EmployeeID, RateChangeDate

FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory

WHERE RateChangeDate >= ’1997-11-01′ AND

RateChangeDate < DATEADD(dd,1,’1998-01-05′)

/* Results

EmployeeID RateChangeDate

3 1997-12-12 00:00:00.000

4 1998-01-05 00:00:00.000

/* Equivalent to

– SQL datetime range

SELECT EmployeeID, RateChangeDate

FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory

WHERE RateChangeDate >= ’1997-11-01 00:00:00′ AND

RateChangeDate < ’1998-01-06 00:00:00′

————

– SQL datetime language setting

– SQL Nondeterministic function usage – result varies with language settings

SET LANGUAGE ‘us_english’; –– Jan 12 2015 12:00AM

SELECT US = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘British’; –– Dec 1 2015 12:00AM

SELECT UK = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘German’; –– Dez 1 2015 12:00AM

SET LANGUAGE ‘Deutsch’; –– Dez 1 2015 12:00AM

SELECT Germany = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘French’; –– déc 1 2015 12:00AM

SELECT France = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘Spanish’; –– Dic 1 2015 12:00AM

SELECT Spain = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘Hungarian’; –– jan 12 2015 12:00AM

SELECT Hungary = convert(VARCHAR,convert(DATETIME,’01/12/2015′));

SET LANGUAGE ‘us_english’;

————

– Function for Monday dates calculation

————

USE AdventureWorks2008;

– SQL user-defined function

– SQL scalar function – UDF

CREATE FUNCTION fnMondayDate

(@Year INT,

@Month INT,

@MondayOrdinal INT)

RETURNS DATETIME

BEGIN

DECLARE @FirstDayOfMonth CHAR(10),

@SeedDate CHAR(10)

SET @FirstDayOfMonth = convert(VARCHAR,@Year) + ‘-’ + convert(VARCHAR,@Month) + ‘-01′

SET @SeedDate = ’1900-01-01′

RETURN DATEADD(DD,DATEDIFF(DD,@SeedDate,DATEADD(DD,(@MondayOrdinal * 7) – 1,

@FirstDayOfMonth)) / 7 * 7, @SeedDate)

END

– Test Datetime UDF

– Third Monday in Feb, 2015

SELECT dbo.fnMondayDate(2016,2,3)

– 2015-02-16 00:00:00.000

– First Monday of current month

SELECT dbo.fnMondayDate(Year(getdate()),Month(getdate()),1)

– 2009-02-02 00:00:00.000

————

reference <http://www.sqlusa.com/bestpractices2005/centurydateformat/>

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How to format datetime & date in Sql Server 2005